![]() (b) when a pass would be nonforcing, a double is penalty if the doubler is limited, cooperative-takeout if the doubler is unlimited.įive notrump: If an undiscussed but clearly forcing noncompetitive five-notrump bid might logically be interpreted as more than one of these alternatives, the priority order of interpretation is: (1) choice of slam, (2) Grand-Slam Force, (3) control-showing.įorcing vs. (a) when a pass would be forcing, a double discourages further offensive bidding General Understandings and DefaultsĪrtificial bid doubled: After an opponent's double of an artificial bid, a simple return to an agreed or indicated suit is the weakest action.īypass rule: If a player bypasses a natural notrump bid to make a nonforcing bid, then later bids notrump uninvited over an opposing bid, that notrump bid is unusual (showing additional distribution, not offering to play in notrump).Ĭonversions: When either a double or a notrump bid, when followed by a conversion, would show length in the same two suits: starting with a double suggests more in high cards, starting with a notrump bid suggests more in shape.ĭoubles subject to no explicit agreement: ![]() Takeout: Announces a hand-type that suggests reaching a contract in other than the current strain.Ĭooperative-takeout: Suggests that partner take out with normal distribution for the earlier auction, pass only with strong defensive orientation.Ĭooperative-penalty: Suggests that partner pass with normal distribution for the earlier auction, take out only with strong offensive orientation. Points refer to 4-3-2-1 high-card points (HCP). A competitive action taken in direct position immediately follows an opponent's action one taken in reopening position follows an opponent's action and two passes. Balanced means 4-3-3-3, 4-4-3-2 or 5-3-3-2.Ī competitive action is one taken over an opponent's bid, double or redouble. A distribution shown with equal signs refers to specific suit lengths (for example, 5=4=3=1 means a hand with five spades, four hearts, three diamonds and one club). DefinitionsĪ distribution shown with hyphens refers to any pattern including those suit lengths (for example, 5-4-3-1 means any hand with one five-card suit, one four-card suit, one tripleton and one singleton). The polls used to construct the fifth, 2017, version (which is the official version beginning with the January 2017 Master Solvers' Club problems) appear in Bridge World issues for the months of March, April, May and June 2016 and at ↑ Back to top ↑ I. There have been five versions since the system began in 1968. It is used as a framework for problems in The Bridge World's Master Solvers' Club, by impromptu partnerships and as a basis for discussion by those who wish to formulate their own system.īWS is occasionally reformulated when there is evidence of a shift in expert practice. Competition After Our Minor-Suit Openingīridge World Standard (BWS) encapsulates common American expert practices, determined by polls, as a set of partnership agreements. Competition After Our Major-Suit OpeningĮ. Competition After Our One-Notrump Openingĭ. Slam Bidding - Part III - by David Lindopįourth Suit Forcing. Weak Two-Bids and Responses - by David Lindop The 2 ♣ Opening and Responses – Part III - by David Lindop The 2 ♣ Opening and Responses – Part II - by David Lindop ![]() The 2 ♣ Opening and Responses – Part I - by David Lindop Minor Suit Openings and Responses - by David Lindop Using Grant Standard: Responding to 1 ♥ or 1 ♠ - by David Lindop Using Grant Standard: Interference Over 1NT - by David Lindop Using Grant Standard: Responding to 1NT - Part III - by David Lindop ![]() Using Grant Standard: Responding to 1NT - Part II - by David Lindop Using Grant Standard: Responding to 1NT - Part I - by David Lindop Using Grant Standard: Notrump Openings - by David Lindop Grant Standard - Introduction II - by David Lindop Grant Standard - Introduction - by David Lindop Is Standard American a Myth? - by David Lindop There are 42 articles and the links are listed below. Copyright 2003-2018 Better BridgeĪ series of articles discussing the term “standard” when referring to modern bidding methods. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED: No part of our Teachers Manuals may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher.
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